一堂基于情境和语篇的词汇课案例分析

2014-04-18 20:55严洁蓉
中学课程辅导·教学研究 2014年8期
关键词:案例分析语篇情境

严洁蓉

摘要:本文就Module2 Unit4 Reading第二课时词汇教学案例进行了分析,提出了实施有效词汇教学,需基于教学情境和文章语篇开展教学。这样才能使枯燥无味的词汇教学变得生动、形象、具体;学生也才能真正爱上英语词汇学习。

关键词:情境;语篇;词汇课;案例分析

中图分类号:G632.0 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1992-7711(2014)03-0113

一、背景

尽管基于情境和语篇的词汇教学已成为高中英语教师的共识,但是教师对语境的理解和运用还存在着问题:创设的语境与教学主题关联性差,一堂课中的语境多而杂,缺乏主题语境;或是脱离语境复习零散的语言知识点,导致学生获得的只是零碎的语言知识点。这不利于学生形成实际的语言运用能力,而且导致了语言输出(写作)受阻。

二、教学设计

设计思想:本课设计的理论基础是立足新课标理念,提炼教材中的目标词汇和句型,创设必要的并能充分利用的主题语境。同时,引导学生在语境中感知语言形式,熟悉其使用的语境条件,建立语言形式、意义和运用之间的关系,提高学生的语言运用能力。

三、教学实录

Step1: Lead in

教师播放“可可西里”部分影片,影片中人物数藏羚羊被杀害后的头颅的个数,引出课文内容:The antelopes in Tibet are in danger of disappearing. They are dying out.

Step2: Words and expressions

be in danger (of) : 处于危险之中

The Ibex is also in danger of disappearing because their habitat is threatened.

An little ibex will be if it plays with a wolf, which is .(in danger, dangerous)

教师通过对课文内容的回顾,复习了一些词汇,并让学生在不同的语篇和情境中使用。

Q: How has Daisy learned to help wildlife?

1, 2 : be being dong

What are the differences:

a) We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.

b) We are killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. Our fur is used to make sweaters for people like you.

What is implied(暗含) in the antelopes words?

Help! People are killing us all the time. We are dying out!

B. We thought that we could live in peace with human-beings. And now, we are so sad to see the killings.

C. Both A and B

习题操练

-I dont suppose /believe the police know who killed all the antelopes.

-Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested(逮捕) and

now. (改编自江苏 2006)

A. has been questioned C. is questioning

B. is being questioned D. has questioned

4. hunt

The hunting of Indian elephants(亚洲象) has become a serious problem since the 19th century.

They are being killed by the hunters because of their ivory.

n. hunting 猎杀行为

n. hunter 猎人

翻译:

在中国,捕杀大象的行为是不允许的。

In china, the hunting of elephants are not allowed.

猎人们知道,任何捕杀大象的人将会被送入监狱。

Hunters know that anyone who wants to hunt and kill elephants will be put in prison.

affect

The drug affects mosquitoes.

The drug has an effect on mosquitoes.

affect effect

众所周知,人类活动对热带雨林中的野生动物有影响。非法捕猎对此也有影响。这些影响使得那些野生动物处于灭绝的危险中。请保护热带雨林与野生动物免受影响!

, human activity the wild animals in the rain forest. Meanwhile, illegal also them. The made the animals . Please protect the rain forest and the animals from those .

(As is known to all, have an effect on / affect, hunting, has an effect on/affects, effects, in danger of dying out, effects)

10. We should appreciate the importance of the wildlife protection and pay much attention to it .

Appreciate vt.

-Its not easy to appreciate the painting.I will appreciate it if you explain it to me.

-Its about the forests in Sichuan. And it means we should protect the last forests in the world.

-Thank you so much. I really appreciate your help.

意识到,鉴赏,感谢

Step3: Make a dialogue

What have you learned to help the wildlife?

Words and expressions:

in danger of; die out; be being done; hunt (hunting, hunter); in relief (to ones relief); burst into/out; contain; affect; have an effect on; protect ... (from ...); appreciate; pay attention to (doing)

Example:

-What have you learned about the wildlife protection?

- I have learned that we should ... because ... What about you?

-As for me, I have learned that ... because ...

Step4: Homework

Write a passage to call on people to protect the wildlife.

四、案例分析

本堂课从课堂学生的反应与兴趣,到词汇运用的效果,以及教学各环节时间的控制,都应该算得上是一堂成功的课。分析原因,主要有以下几方面令笔者较为满意:

1. 教学设计新颖独特。本堂课是一堂词汇讲授课,是英语教师较为头痛的课。因为传统至今,词汇语法都被脱离上下文孤立对待,摆脱不了枯燥地机械操练的痕迹。学生不爱学却又不得不学。如何在词汇教学中培养学生的兴趣是我们一直关注的问题。本课就尝试将词汇教学放入“保护野生动物”的情境中。学生一方面了解野生动物急需保护,同时还在学习如何用所学词汇对这些问题进行描述。学生兴趣浓厚,的确是一举多得。

2. 教学过程线索清晰。教师在备课时特别考虑要让整堂课显得完满。于是有了由让学生回顾课文Daisy在飞毯之旅中学到的知识到你学到的知道, 从而实现了先学习词汇, 再使用词汇的过程。

3. 不脱离课本。在词汇情境创设中,尽量以课本例句开始,让学生在课文中寻找相关词句,并朗读。在教授语法的同时也培养了阅读能力。

4. 词汇间过渡巧妙。在备课过程中,如何能让词汇与词汇间的过渡自然又巧妙,的确费了很大的功夫。最终选择用情境创设作连接。课堂上所有词汇短语的衔接都有不同情境为依托。真正作到了词汇教学不离开语言本身。

5. 本堂课设计中遇到的中心问题是词汇的选择。有时为了让一堂课能够衔接完整,对于重点词汇的取舍很难把握;其次在于课后对于词汇掌握的检验只是停留在口头上,书面检查还是脱离不了传统的默写。因此,如何让词汇复习更符合语言教学交际功能是一个值得研究的问题。

(作者单位:浙江省温州市第五十一中学 325000)

猜你喜欢
案例分析语篇情境
情境引领追问促深
不同情境中的水
新闻语篇中被动化的认知话语分析
护患情境会话
父亲缺失案例分析
冷库建筑火灾特点及调查方法研究
特定情境,感人至深
高校图书馆阅读推广案例分析
让语文课堂评价语绽放异彩
从语篇构建与回指解决看语篇话题