毛茛科二新种

王文采

(中国科学院植物研究所，系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室，北京 100093)

毛茛科二新种

王文采

(中国科学院植物研究所，系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室，北京 100093)

描述了分别自甘肃和四川发现的毛茛科二新种，永登翠雀花和攀枝花唐松草，并分别给出此二种与近缘种之间的形态区别特征。

毛茛科；翠雀属；唐松草属；新种；中国

图1 A～D.永登翠雀花：A.开花枝条；B.退化雄蕊；C.雄蕊；D.雌蕊群 E～F.攀枝花唐松草：E.开花枝条，花多凋谢，只少数花尚有雌蕊群；F.心皮Fig.1 A-D. Delphinium yongdengense：A.Flowering branch; B.Staminode; C.Stamen; D.Gynoecium(from holotype) E-F.Thalictrum panzhihuaense：E.Flowering branch,with most flowers having wilted and a few of them still bearing gynoecium; F.Carpel(from holotype)

永登翠雀花 图1:A～D

DelphiniumyongdengenseW.T.Wang, sp. nov. Fig.1:A-D

(Sect.DelphiniumDC. ser.CaeruleaW.T.Wang)

Species nova haec est affinisD.caeruleoJacq. ex Camb., quod foliorum laminis majoribus basi cordatis, earum segmentis rhombicis vel flabellatis bis ad ter dissectis, sepalis inferis totis planis apice nec navicularibus nec corniculatis, staminodiorum limbis late obovatis vel suborbicularibus ventro flavo-barbatis, staminibus glabris praeclare differt.

Prennial herb. Stem purple, ca. 35 cm tall, below ca. 2.5 mm across, inconspicuously longitudinally 6-sulcate, densely retrorsely appressed-puberulous(hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long), from below dichotomously branched. Basal leaves not seen. Lower cauline leaf ternate(?), shortly petiolate; leaflet shortly petiolulate, its blade green, at base subtruncate, 3-sect, segments linear, 0.8-3.5×0.12-0.2 cm, at margin entire, involute, adaxially densely appressed-puberulous, abaxially on midrib pilose, midrib adaxially impressed, abaxially slightly prominent; petiole purple, linear, ca. 10×1.5 mm, densely appressed-puberulous(hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long) and mixed with a few long hairs 1-2 mm long. Upper cauline leaves simple, shortly petiolate; blades at base broadly cuneate, 3-sect, segments linear, 0.7-2×0.1-0.2 cm, entire; petioles 3.5-5 mm long. Corymbs terminal, 3-7-flowered, rarely flowers singly terminal to branches; bracts shortly petiolate or sessile, similar to upper cauline leaves, 1-3.5 cm long, either 3-sect with 3 linear segments, or undivided, linear; pedicels 5-12.5 cm long, appressed-puberulous, near the middle 2-bracteolate; bracteoles purple, narrowly lanceolate-linear, 6-10×0.4-0.6 mm, puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, deeply blue, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely appressed-puberulous; upper sepal narrowly ovate, 1.3-1.7×0.5-1 cm, spur subulate, 1.4-1.6 cm long, apex decurved, base 3-3.5 mm across; lateral sepals ovate-oblong, 1.3-1.7×0.3-0.6 cm; lower sepals narrowly oblong, 1.3-1.85×0.4-0.5 cm, apex navicular, sometimes shortly corniculate. Petals 2, blue, glabrous, apex entire and with white margin. Staminodes 2, blue; claws ca. 6 mm long, glabrous, above base with a small triangular appendage; limbs oblong-obovate, ca. 8×5 mm, undivided, at apex rounded, with ca. 10 longitudinal nerves, adaxially above base densely whitish-barbate. Stamens numerous; filaments 4-7 mm long, below narrowly triangular or linear-triangular, above filiform and pilose; anthers dark-blue, oblong, 1.8-2 mm long, glabrous. Carpels 5; ovaries oblong, 5-6 mm long, densely appressed-puberulous; styles ca. 2 mm long, glabrous.

甘肃(Gansu):永登县，连城自然保护区，沙林沟(Yongdeng Xian,Liancheng Nature Reserve,Shalin Valley),alt.2 475 m,2006-08-01,张学刚(Zhang Xuegang)06137(holotype,PE).

本种在亲缘关系方面与蓝翠雀花(DelphiniumcaeruleumJacq. ex Camb.)相近，与后者的区别在于本种的茎生叶或为三出复叶或为单叶，基部近截形或宽楔形，复叶的小叶或单叶均3全裂，全裂片均呈条形，不分裂，花萼的2枚下萼片顶端呈船形，有时还具短角状突起，退化雄蕊的辦片长圆状倒卵形，腹面基部之上被白色髯毛，雄蕊花丝上部疏被柔毛。在蓝翠雀花，叶的基部呈心形，3全裂，全裂片呈菱形或扇形，2至3回细裂，花萼的2枚下萼片平坦，顶端不呈船形，也不具角状突起，退化雄蕊的瓣片宽倒卵形或近圆形，腹面基部之上被黄色髯毛，雄蕊无毛[1]。

攀枝花唐松草 图1:E～F

ThalictrumpanzhihuaenseW.T.Wang, sp. nov. Fig.1:E-F

(Sect.Thalictrumser.VirgataW.T.Wang & S.H.Wang)

Ob caules, petiolos, foliolorum paginas adaxiales, pedicelos et ovaria glanduloso-puberula, et flores 2-4 in monochasium dispositos species nova haec est affinis T. viscoso C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang & S. H. Wang endemico in valle fluminis Jinsha partis borealium urbis Lijiang provinciae Yunnan, quod foliis caulinis 3-pinnatis 15-60-foliolatis, foliolis minoribus 0.6-1.1 cm longis et latis basi cordatis, nervis basalibus 5 subtus planis, stigmatibus anguste linearibus haud alatis facile differt.

Perennial herb. Stem ca. 30 cm tall, below ca. 1.5 mm across, with petioles, leaf rachises and pedicels all densely glandular-puberulous(hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long), much branched. Basal leaves not seen. Cauline leaves 5-foliolately pinnate or ternate, shortly petiolate; blades narrowly ovate or deltoid in outlin, 2.5-5×2.2-3.5 cm; leaflets chartaceous, petiolulate, broadly ovate or pentagonal, 0.8-1.6×0.8-2.2 cm, at base subcordate, 3-lobulate or undivided, at margin sparsely crenate or rounded-dentate, adaxially densely glandular-puberulous, abaxially on nerves hirtellous; basal nerves 5, adaxially flat, abaxially prominent; petiolules slender, 0.4-1.5 cm long; petioles 0.5-0.8 cm long. Monochasia terminal, 2-4-flowered; bracts ternate or simple and similar to leaflets; pedicels slender, 0.5-1.7 cm long. Flower: Sepals and stamens not seen. Carpels 2-4; ovaries long ellipsoidal or narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-1.8×0.4 mm, densely glandular-puberulous; stigmas narrowly triangular, ca. 1×0.3 mm, glabrous, margins of membranous wings slightly erosulate.

四川(Sichuan):攀枝花市，苏铁山(Panzhihua Shi,Sutie Shan),alt.1 600-1 700 m,山坡灌丛(in bushes on slope),2002-09-13,张钢民(Zhang Gangmin)638(holotype,PE)。

本种的茎、叶柄、小叶表面、花梗和心皮的子房均被短腺毛，花2～4朵组成单歧聚伞花序，因此与也具这些特征的粘唐松草(ThalictrumviscosumC.Y.Wu ex W.T.Wang & S.H.Wang)(特产云南丽江虎跳峡)在亲缘关系上相近。本种与后者的区别在于本种的茎生叶为具5小叶的一回羽状复叶或具3小叶的三出复叶，小叶较大(长2.5～5 cm,宽2.2～3.5 cm)，基部近心形或近截形，其5条基出脉在下面明显隆起，心皮的柱头狭三角形，有膜质薄翅。在粘唐松草，茎生叶为三回羽状复叶，有15～60枚小叶，小叶较小，长及宽均为0.6～1.1 cm，基部心形，其5条基出脉在下面平坦，心皮的柱头狭条形，无翅[2]。

致谢深切感谢孙英宝先生为本文绘图。

1.王文采.Delphinium.于中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1979,27:326-462.

2.王文采,王蜀秀.Thalictrum.于中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1979,27:502-592.

TwoNewSpeciesofRanunculaceaefromChina

WANG Wen-Tsai

(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093)

Two species of the family Ranunculaceae,DelphiniumyongdengenseandThalictrumpanzhihuaense, are described as new from Gansu Province and Sichuan Province, and the morphological differences between them and their allies are given respectively.

Ranunculaceae;Delphinium;Thalictrum;new species;China

王文采(1926—)，男，研究员，中国科学院院士，从事有花植物分类学研究。

2014-07-28

Q949.746.5

A

10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.01.001