祈使句中考考点归纳

陈传光供稿

【典型试题】

1. 句型转换，每空一词。

(1) Look at the hills, the fl owers and the trees. （改为否定句）________ ________ at the hills, the fl owers and the trees.

(2) Be careful next time, my good friends! （改为否定句）________ ________ careful next time, my good friends!

(3) Please don’t go and tell him the news. （改为肯定句）________ ________ and tell him the news.

(4) You can get on the bus right now. （改为祈使句）________ ________ the bus right now.

(5) Let’s tell him to drink plenty of water. （改为反义疑问句）

Let’s tell him to drink plenty of water, ________ ________?

2. 把下列直接引语改为间接引语、间接引语改为直接引语。

(1) “Get your things ready and go to bed early.” he said to us.He told us ________ ________ our things ready and go to bed early.

(2) “Don’t show the students around the lake.” the girl said to me.The girl told me ________ ________ ________ the students around the lake.

(3) They asked the teacher to help them with their English.“________ ________ with our English.” they said to the teacher.

(

4) The teacher told us not to get up late.“________ ________ up late.” the teacher told us.

3. 单项选择

( ) (1) ________ me the truth, or I am going to leave the room.A. Telling B. To tell C. If you don’t tell D. Tell

( ) (2) —________! There is a car coming!—Oh. Thanks.A. Look over B. Look up C. Look on D. Look out

( ) (3) ________ be late again.A. Please B. Do C. Don’t D. Not

( ) (4) —________! The traf fic is moving fast!—Thanks, I will.A. Stop B. Look out C. Watch D. Don’t move

( ) (5) —________ you good luck in the new year!—The same to you .A. Hope B. Want C. Wish D. Like

4. 根据所给汉语完成句子，每空一词。

(1) 别担心，我会按时到达那里的。________ ________. I’ll be there on time.

(2) 快点，不然你会错过早班车的。________ ________, or you’ll miss the early bus.

(3) 请不要在公共场所吐痰。________ ________ ________ in a public place.

(4) 保持健康，远离疾病。________ healthy and ________ ________ ________ illness.

(5) 劳驾，请让我过去！Excuse me. Please ________ me ________.

【考点归纳】

一、祈使句的意义

表示请求、命令、劝告、征求对方意见等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不用说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形；祈使句句末用惊叹号或句号。

二、祈使句的结构

1. 祈使句的肯定结构

(1). 行为动词＋其他句子成分。例如：

Come here, Lili! Guess what gift Dad has sent you!

Call me when you fix the time.

Take the medicine twice a day.

(2) 连系动词＋表语。例如：

Be careful, boys and girls. Now get on the bus.

在口语中，连系动词be有时可以省略。例如：

Glad to see you, Mrs. Jiang.

2. 祈使句的否定结构

祈使句的否定结构一律在肯定结构之前加Don’t (Do not)。例如：

Don’t mention it.

Don’t worry about me. I’ll take care of myself.

表示请求、劝告的祈使句，可以和please连用，语气委婉。例如：

Please say hello to Aunt Susan.Please don’t mention it. Go and board the plane now.“Oh, no! Don’t eat me, please!” the mouse cried.

3. 祈使句的强调语气祈使句在动词前加上do可以加强语气, 常有make sure“一定”“务必”的意思。例如：Do remember to lock the door when you leave.= Make sure you lock the door when you leave.

4. 以Let引导的祈使句以Let引导的句子也是祈使句，常用来表示建议或说话人的态度。例如：Let’s go and tell the others to join us.Let me have a look at your leg.let’s和let us开头的祈使句，在构成反义疑问句时要注意：Let’s climb the hill, shall we?（let’s祈使对象包括说话人和听话人，用shall we）Let us climb the hill, will you? （let us祈使对象只是说话人一方，用will you征求对方意见）

5. 陈述句转换成祈使句只有以you作主语，而且表示要求、命令等的陈述句才可以转换成祈使句。例如：You can listen to the music after school today.→Listen to the music after school today.You mustn’t go to play computer games now.→Don’t go to play computer games now.

6. 祈使句由直接引语转换成间接引语祈使句由直接引语转换成间接引语，如是肯定句用to连接；否定祈使句用not to连接。句型用tell/ask

sb. (not) to do sth.例如：“Please sit down.” She said to us.→She asked us to sit down.“Don’t be late again.” the teacher said.→The teacher told us not to be late again.

【典型考题】

单项选择。

( ) 1. ________ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead.A. Drive B. To drive C. Drove D. Driving

( ) 2. ________ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A. Don’t B. Doesn’t C. Aren’t D. Can’t

( ) 3. —Sorry I’m late.—________ tell me the bus broke down again!A. Never to B. Not C. Don’t D. No

( ) 4. —What are the rules at your school?—Don’t run in the hallways and ________ arrive late for class.A. not to B. won’t C. don’t D. no

( ) 5. —Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter. What else?—Next ________ some tomatoes.A. cut up B. cuts up C. to cut up D. cutting up

( ) 6. —I am leaving for Xisai Mountain this afternoon.—________ you have packed everything.A. To be sure B. Been sure C. Being sure D. Be sure

( ) 7. ________ play with fire. ________ with fire is dangerous.A. Don’t; Playing B. Not; Playing C. Don’t; play D. Not to; To play