芬兰PES建筑师事务所

Partners from left to right: Arttu Suomalainen (Design Director Transportation), Jarkko Salminen (CEO),Pekka Salminen (President, Founding Partner), Tuomas Silvennoinen (Design Director)

事务所简介

总部位于赫尔辛基的PES建筑师事务所是芬兰最大、国际化程度最高的建筑和室内设计事务所之一。自1968年成立以来，PES建筑师事务所目前拥有70多名来自世界各地的团队，并于2010年在上海成立了中国工作室。PES致力于发展成为一家跨专业的建筑师事务所，设计项目包括各种复杂的建筑类型：机场和交通枢纽、艺术演出场馆、体育设施、竞技场和多用途综合体，以及极具挑战的历史建筑翻新项目。

作为一家规模不大的北欧建筑师事务所，PES坚信他们能够在全球范围内取得成功的前提是满足三大基本要求：正确的发展方向，采用新技术以及构建一支创新的团队。除此之外，还需具备与国际主流建筑师事务截然不同的创意视野，以及对用户体验的深刻理解，充足的建筑实践和全面的项目管理方法。

PES追求的是为客户提供合乎自然的、以人性化为中心的设计方案，尤其是在布局、材料和形式方面。结构在PES的工作中起着重要作用：建筑师可通过清晰的结构体系创建出合理的空间布局，同时也反映在人对建筑的体验中。结构同样具有内在的建筑感染力。

PES建筑师事务所把高度复杂、具有挑战性的项目视为一种激励，其核心目标是通过解决问题和开发新的解决方案，来满足用户的需求。在PES看来，建筑师时刻面临各种客观条件的限制，但仍需要保持激情和毅力找到妥善的解决方案，并确保其实施，因为建筑师关注的是建筑的在未来落成之后真正用户的体验。

建筑始终是一项要求高度协作的工作。PES建筑师事务所拥有一支技术娴熟的团队，其成员包括来自各个领域的专业人士，同时还会聘请专家顾问共同完成项目，这些顾问对建筑设计而言是不可或缺的。工程师和其他专家从一开始就会参与到项目中。PES通常会进行研究，以找到创新的材料和结构使用方法，同时也会将全面的产品开发融入建筑或室内设计项目之中。

为了向客户提供跨专业和创造性的解决方案，PES正在各种可持续发展和节能工程领域拓展合作网络。尤其是在使用当地的、可持续发展的材料方面做出了尝试，例如中国的竹子和陶瓷。

遵循北欧的传统，PES建筑师事务所的目标是实现对整个项目的全程把控，从设计到实施，确保有关各方，从专业顾问到承包商，都朝着共同的愿景而努力。为此，需要建筑师深入参与，在整个设计与施工阶段都要有做出改动的准备。

PES建筑师事务所负责建设的项目曾荣获芬兰和国外的各大奖项，包括多项混凝土、玻璃和钢结构奖项，有几个项目入选了芬兰建筑双年回顾展，而芬兰建筑双年回顾展是体现芬兰建筑师最高水准的展览之一。

2018年，PES建筑师事务所在位于赫尔辛基的芬兰建筑博物馆举办了一场名为“赫尔辛基——上海”的展览，以庆祝PES建筑师事务所成立50周年。此次展览由PES建筑师事务所与芬兰建筑博物馆合作设计，展示了PES过去15年在欧洲和中国的主要项目。

2003年PES在中国成立工作室

一家在全球范围内规模较小的芬兰建筑师事务所，为何会决定进入广阔的中国市场，与来自西方世界各地的建筑师事务所展开竞争？这是中国正在经历的历史变迁的结果。大约30年前，一个大规模的城市化项目悄然开始，相当于整个欧洲人口的人从农村迁移到城市，导致消费增加，对教育、交通和各种公共服务（如铁路、机场、图书馆和音乐厅）的需求增加。

PES认为这与他们的事务所在1968年成立时的芬兰有相似之处，尽管规模较小。经过战后的重建，芬兰随后发展成为一个北欧的福利国家，而城市化同样导致了对基础设施建设和体育休闲设施的巨大需求。正是在这样的项目中，建筑师发展了各种技能和设计方案，为后来进入中国铺平了道路。进入中国内地市场的第一批外国建筑事务所主要来自美国、日本和中国香港。在第二批欧洲建筑事务所涌入中国的同时，PES建筑师事务所于2003年迈出了进军中国市场的第一步。

PES与中国的第一次接触是在赫尔辛基机场扩建供亚洲航班使用的航站楼时建立的。通过建筑师方海教授，PES有机会见到当地的中国客户和合作公司。首先，PES设计了一个湖畔酒店的方案，随后参与了一个行政中心的方案竞赛，接着又参与了多个机场项目的设计竞赛。在这些项目中，只有行政中心的设计得以实现。2010年，他们在上海设立了工作室，上海办公室已经成为了他们在中国的业务基地。到2020年，PES已经为中国产出了大约100个设计方案，通常是与值得信赖的当地伙伴的合作成果，包括竞赛方案、概念设计、草案等形式，同时还完成了重大项目的建设。

在中国的国际化竞争环境中，PES建筑师事务所力求在文化建筑，特别是多用途建筑的设计、建造和使用方面脱颖而出。为此，他们需要与不同领域的专家建立广泛的联系，同时还需要在参数化设计和材料使用方面进行创新。他们的芬兰设计风格在以用户为中心的方法和对自然材料的使用上得以体现，而与中国传统的呼应可以从有机的建筑造型的隐喻以及对传统材料的发掘中观察出来。

在中国工作需要敢于冒险，能够承受质疑，最重要的是要有极大的耐心。在中国工作也帮助PES形成了自己的工作方式，使他们更快地响应变化、思想更加多元，也更具国际化视野。PES四分之一的团队成员来自世界其他国家。尽管如此，芬兰的建筑思维方式仍然是他们活动的核心，他们倾向于在需要时将功能和常识与爆炸性的创造力结合起来。从北欧人的角度来看，中国业主看待建筑的方式更多是一种直观印象：它会是什么样子的呢？成本是多少？最后，如何实施呢？PES更喜欢按照不同的顺序提出这些考虑事项。

另一方面，PES也逐渐了解了故事和强大的符号标志在中国文化中的意义及其对建筑的影响。建筑的效率、功能性或易维护性在中国的项目评估中通常不是决定性的，即使是重大的决策往往也容易受到建筑形象的影响，因此建筑师的技能、责任感和毅力将得到更大的考验。

在理想的情况下，PES能够为中国客户提供全面的项目管理和深入细节的设计方案，而这对于中国建筑师或设计师来说还不是一个普遍现象，因为中国的建筑师往往在无数同时进行的项目中忙得不可开交。规划和建设在很大程度上是一个互相沟通的过程，无论在芬兰还是在中国，同样的人际交往原则都适用。

PES把他们在中国的工作视为跨文化交流，在这种情况下，一大批规模小而质量高的中国设计公司正在大规模规划机构的庇护下成长。这将进一步加剧中国市场的竞争，但与此同时，它将拉近不同文化对良好的环境和可持续的建筑的重要性的看法。

Introduction

Helsinki-based PES-Architects is among the largest and most international architecture and interior designfirms in Finland.Founded in 1968, the practice now employs a multinational staff of over 70 and a Shanghai studio established in 2010.PES-Architects work towards an architecture that embraces a cross-disciplinary approach.PES-Architects’ projects encompass complexand wide-ranging building types, including airports and transport terminals, performance venues,sports facilities, arenas and mixed-used developments, as well as demanding refurbishment projects.

PES-Architects believes that a relatively small Nordic architecture office can succeed globally provided that certain basic credentials are fulfilled: the right references, the latest technologies and an innovative team.To this it adds a creative vision distinct from the international mainstream as well as a deep understanding of user experience,sound building practices and a comprehensive approach to project management.

PES-Architects seeks to create natural, user-centric designs in terms of layout as well as materials and forms.Structures play a major role in PES-Architects’ work:clear structural systems allow for the creation of logical spatial layouts, which are reflected in users’ experience of the building.Structures may also have intrinsic architectural value.

PES-Architects believes that designs should produce buildings and environments that stand the test of time both technically and visually.Today’s buildings are often also expected to be efficient and flexibly adaptable.

Challenging and complex projects are a great inspiration to the architects; problemsolving and developing new solutions to meet client and user needs are at the core of architecture.In the midst of financial and other constraints, passion and perseverance are required to find the right solution and ensure its implementation,keeping a focus on what is genuinely important for the future users.

Architecture is always a highly collaborative effort.PES-Architects’ own skilled team includes professionals from a wide range of disciplines, and external consultants often play an integral role in projects.Structural engineers and other building specialists are involved in projects from the start.Research is often carried out to find innovative ways to use materials and structures, and architectural or interior design projects may even involve full-scale product development.

PES-Architects is constantly expanding its cooperative network in various sustainability and energy-saving engineering fields to provide cross-disciplinary and creative solutions to clients.The company especially seeks to use local, sustainable materials, such as bamboo and ceramics in China.

Following the Nordic tradition, PES-Architects’ goal is to lead the entire project from design through implementation, ensuring that all parties involved, from special consultants to contractors, are working towards the shared vision.This requires deep involvement and sometimes alterations throughout the building phase.

PES-Architects’ projects have received awards in Finland and abroad, including a number of concrete, glass and steel structure awards.Several of the firm’sprojects have been selected for the Finnish Architecture Biennial Review, an exhibition and publication showcasing the foremost architecture by Finnish architects in the previous two years.

In 2018, an exhibition entitled Helsinki-Shanghai was arranged at the Museum of Finnish Architecture in Helsinki to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the practice.Designed by PES-Architects in collaboration with the Museum, the hands-on exhibition presented the company’s major projects over the last 15 years in Europe and China.

PES-Architects in China 2003-

Why would a Finnish architectural firm, small on a global scale, decide to enter the vast Chinese market, in competition with architects from all over the western world?This is due to the ongoing historical transition in China: some 30 years ago, a massive urbanisation project began in which a number of people equal to the entire population of Europe are moving from rural areas to cities, resulting in increased consumption and the demand for education, transport and a variety public services such as railways, airports, libraries and concert houses.

We see in this a parallel, albeit on a smaller scale, with Finland at the time that our office was founded in 1968.Finland was then developing into a Nordic welfare state after the post-war period of rebuilding, and urbanisation similarly led to a great demand for infrastructure building and sports and leisure facilities.It was in such projects that we developed the skills and solutions that later paved our way to China.

The first wave of foreign architects in China consisted mainly of architectural firms from the US, Japan and Hong Kong.It was in the second wave, among numerous other European practices, that PES-Architects took their first steps in the Chinese market in 2003.

Our first contacts to China were formed while building the stone floor for the expansion of the terminal serving Asian flights at Helsinki Airport.Through the architect Fang Hai, we got the opportunity to meet local Chinese clients and cooperation firms.

First, we designed a lakeside hotel concept, then an administrative centre competition, followed by an airport competition; of these projects, only the administrative centre was realized.In 2010, we opened an office in Shanghai, which has become the base for our operations in China.By 2020, we will have drawn up around 100 designs for China, often in collaboration with trusted local partners:competitions, concept designs, drafts, but also major implemented buildings.

In the international competitive scene in China, we have sought to stand out as a comprehensive specialist in the design, construction and use of cultural and mixeduse buildings, in particular.This has required extensive networking with experts in different fields.It has also involved innovative parametric design and use of materials.Our Finnish origin is evident in our user-centric approach and the use of natural materials, while a connection to Chinese tradition can be found in features such as the use of curved architectural forms.

Working in China has required a willingness to take risks, the ability to endure uncertainty, and, above all, great patience.It has also developed our working methods and made us faster, more open-minded, and more international.One fourth of our staff originate from other countries around the world.Despite this, the Finnish way of thinking continues to be at the heart of our activities in the inclination to combine functionality and common sense with explosive creativity when needed.From the Nordic perspective, a Chinese client's approach to a project often seems superficial: what will it look like, what does it cost, and lastly, how will it work? We prefer to present these considerations in a different order.

On the other hand, we have come to understand the significance of stories and powerful symbols in Chinese culture and its approach to architecture.A Chinese client does not assess a project primarily from the viewpoint of efficiency,functionality, or ease of maintenance.Even major decisions are often based on an image, so that ultimately it is the skill, sense of responsibility and perseverance of the architect that ensures a successful end result.In ideal cases, we have been able to provide our Chinese clients with comprehensive project management and design that delves deep into detail, which is often not possible for Chinese builders or designers swamped in numerous simultaneous projects.Planning and building are to a large extent interpersonal activities, where the same principles of partnership apply whether work is carried out in Finland or in China.

We regard our work in China as intercultural exchange in a situation in which an undergrowth of small and high-quality Chinese design firms is developing in the shade of massive planning organisations.This will further increase competition in the Chinese market, but at the same time, it will bring closer together the views of different cultures on the importance of a good environment and sustainable building.

PES芬兰总部办公室，芬兰赫尔辛基 PES-Architects Office and Studio, Helsinki, Finland

ICON云端综合体，中国成都 2017年 Icon Yunduan Tower Chengdu, China 2017

桑拿屋（水獭峡谷），芬兰波尔沃 2015年 Sauna Pavilion Saukonrotko (Otter Gorge) Porvoo, Finland 2015

拉托卡塔诺综合学校，芬兰赫尔辛基 2009 Latokartano Comprehensive School, Helsinki, Finland 2009